GERD is caused by frequent acid reflux - the backup of stomach acid or bile into the esophagus.
When you swallow, the lower esophageal sphincter - a circular band of muscle around the bottom of the esophagus - relaxes to allow food and liquid to flow into the stomach. Then closes.
But if this valve relaxes abnormally or weakens, stomach acid can reflux into the esophagus, causing frequent heartburn and disrupting your daily life. This constant backwash of acid can irritate the lining of the esophagus, causing inflammation (esophagitis). Over time, the inflammation can destroy the esophagus, causing complications such as bleeding or respiratory problems.
When you swallow, the lower esophageal sphincter - a circular band of muscle around the bottom of the esophagus - relaxes to allow food and liquid to flow into the stomach. Then closes.
But if this valve relaxes abnormally or weakens, stomach acid can reflux into the esophagus, causing frequent heartburn and disrupting your daily life. This constant backwash of acid can irritate the lining of the esophagus, causing inflammation (esophagitis). Over time, the inflammation can destroy the esophagus, causing complications such as bleeding or respiratory problems.
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